The production of viscose fabric is a process made from regenerated cellulose fibers derived from natural sources, primarily wood pulp. Viscose is a semi-synthetic fabric type that has a natural softness similar to cotton, but its production involves chemical treatments. The production stages of viscose fabric are:

• 1. Raw Material Procurement (Cellulose Source): Cellulose is obtained from wood, typically from beech, spruce, or eucalyptus trees, due to their fibrous structure.
• 2. Converting Wood into Pulp: The wood is cut into small pieces. Chemical processes remove unwanted substances like lignin to extract pure cellulose (pulp).
• 3. Alkali Treatment (Mercerization): The cellulose is treated with a sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) solution to form alkali cellulose.
• 4. Ageing: The alkali cellulose is held under controlled temperature and time to break down the molecular chains.
• 5. Xanthation: The aged cellulose reacts with carbon disulfide (CS₂) to form sodium cellulose xanthate, creating a viscous yellow solution (hence the name "viscose").
• 6. Dissolving and Ripening: The xanthate is dissolved in sodium hydroxide to form a viscose solution, which is filtered and adjusted for consistency.
• 7. Fiber Formation (Wet Spinning): The viscose solution is extruded through fine holes into an acidic bath, where the cellulose solidifies into fibers.
• 8. Washing and Drying: The resulting viscose fibers are washed to remove chemicals, dried, and baled for fabric production.
• 9. Weaving or Knitting: The viscose yarns are processed through weaving or knitting machines to create fabric.

Viscose fabric is widely used due to its softness, drapability, and breathability. It is common in both clothing and home textiles. Main usage areas include:

• Fashion Industry
  • Home Textiles
  • Accessories and Other Products
  • Blended Fabric Applications
  • Sustainable Fashion and Natural Alternatives